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White with Fear but Warm with Imagination scrap

by Cho Yeonjunggo link Translated by Spencer Lee-Lenfieldgo link November 27, 2025

White with Fear but Warm with Imagination 이미지

Author Bio 작가 소개

신해욱

Shin Hae-uk

Shin’s major works include the poetry collections Precise Arrangement, Biologicity,syzygy, Caecilians, and NaturalHistory from the Edge of the Natural; the novel The Dream Reader Electrical Shop; and the essay collections Book for Just One and Looking out the Window. Her honorsinclude the Kim Hyun Literature Award and the Sin Tong-mun Literature Prize.

On Shin Hae-uk’s Natural History from the Edge of the Natural


 

 

Reading a single poem is completely different from reading a whole collection. Each poem in a collection guides the others, slowly clarifying your picture of the larger book. And as that image grows crisper, it finally reaches the poet. Reading a book of poems, more so than other forms, means drawing closer to the real-life poet, to the point that it’s hard to distinguish reading a collection from reading its creator. Yes, countless theories and all kinds of examples may say we have to separate a poem’s poet from its speaker—yet our hearts always bore through that stiff knowledge toward the poet. A poem’s elements are varied, but obviously the most prominent is its voice. And when we read a collection, we want to know the person the voice belongs to. The poetry in Shin Hae-uk’s first four books, as suggested by their titles—Precise Arrangement (2005), Biologicity (2009), syzygy (2014), and Caecilians (2019)—arranged their peculiar language with such lucid precision that they somehow made you feel you were growing further from her the more you read them. But what about her most recent collection, Natural History from the Edge of the Natural

 

In the collection’s very first poem, titled “Sweep It Out and Start Over,” she writes: “this night is taking the place / of the night that should have been.” The present (“this night”) doesn’t seem to be the future the speaker imagined in the past (the “night that should have been”) and then, “trapped in that night” that didn’t come, and “swirling this night,” that same speaker decides to “sweep it all out and start over.” What did she decide to sweep out? And what did she decide to start over? Which is to say that the tonight that failed to be “that night” is already time that will never return. Natural History contemplates how even though humans exist in chronos—empty, homogeneous clock-time—our existence can break free from its workaday limits to reach a moment of awakening. The everyday recurs, but that which is lost in time’s flux can never come back. And we living humans are all headed toward loss, toward our own inevitable demise. 

 

How can we bear the pain of our mortal lives, accompanied as they are by loss? Reading Shin’s “First Birthday of the An Sich,” you get the sense the poet wants a mind mature enough to shatter the rock of childhood memories (like fields overtaken by mugwort), then let them flow away between her palms like warm sand. Reading “Seconds,” she seems to be after a self-soothing that can quell the “sadness of urgency” by divvying up one’s time, as if literally “splitting seconds”—and then plunging into time’s numberless depths. We might call these the struggles of the human soul, faced with loss: both our striving to realize existence an sich, where only the present matters, as well as our attempts to wrap our heads around eternity by prolonging it forever. 

 

And to invoke the collection’s title, we might also call these the tasks that lie at “the edge of the natural.” Four of the poems in Natural History from the Edge of the Natural have the same title as the collection itself. The phrase “natural history” jumps in from each. The living being’s task of facing their end by natural causes (illness, age, etc.) is their “jayeonsa” (自然死), a “natural death.” But “jayeonsa” is also homophonous with “natural history” (自然史), the term we use for nature’s flow, for the world’s underlying principles. The speaking “we” that appears in the four “Natural History” poems wanders a vast snowfield, lights a fire, then enters a warm hibernation that resembles death; and in the same way mortal flesh dies and returns to dust, that “we” also gets “transplanted” in “someone else’s earth,” and then, “born anew feet bare,” starts “feeling life eternal,” finally arriving at the principle that “life belong[s] to nature.” Can we humans, doomed to die, find comfort enough in realizing we’re merely part of nature? Though we know our bodies return to nature to be reborn in different forms, we nevertheless can’t avoid facing farewells great and small over the course of our lives. That first-person plural “we” keeps reappearing in these four poems, as well as a fair part of the other poems in Natural History. Both the coldly realistic sense of loss, that something we once had has vanished, and the plural speaker “we,” together narrowly retain the memory of how warmth feels. 

 

Put more precisely, Shin’s “we” is actually closer to the singular. Phrases that recur across the poems “Shoeshine” and “Outlet” (“two . . . one,” “immersed in 1+1” or “1×1,” “sister brand,” “feel fissures wordlessly”) imply that the subject “we” isn’t an infinite, expansive plural, but rather a “two” that can never lose its “one”—that is, a “two become one.” Shin puts it this way in another poem, “The Great Gingko at the Temple of Literature in Seoul”: the feeling that “we’re one and the same, no you, no me”—that “you” and “I” can never be separated forever—offers a more humane way to grieve than the lofty belief that our finite human lives eventually return to the eternity of nature. 

 

Much of the volume, and especially the hauntingly sad poem “Tour,” depicts that sensation of being a plural “we” from the perspective of a first-person singular speaker who’s “just riding a hearse.” “[G]et on, they said,” the poem begins; “someone told them to pick me up, again // let ’em on again, they said // and now i’m just riding a hearse.” The poem then delivers a catalogue of copywriting from the signs that enter the hearse-riding speaker’s view from beyond her window. But the “I” doing the speaking is simultaneously someone who has died, been cremated, then picked up by the hearse—and also a survivor dealing with someone else’s death whom the hearse has suddenly picked up, clutching their sack, staring numbly out the window: “get off they said / let me off i said / someone, me / someone, me.” The poem depicts both of their respective sensations as a single person’s—the moment of farewell in which both the departed and the survivor have no choice but to feel “scared pale,” as Shin puts it in the poem “Count.” It ends with the emotional lines, “a stoppable // and then a stoppable // but it’s unstoppable // unstoppability”: when the hearse stops, the moment for final parting has arrived. This moment is unavoidable. As Shin puts it in “The Great Gingko,” we have to face the vertiginous time when “since that night splitting seconds we’ve woken dazed.”

 

While sad, cold, strange feelings predominate Natural History from the Edge of the Natural, as with all Shin’s poetry, it also has its moments of humor and warmth. For every poem where the first-person plural “we” appears, a group of “grandmas” often turns up, too—a word that always warms a reader’s heart, encompassing both age and youth, since we use it mainly in our childhoods. Neither the time in which one gets called Grandma, nor the physical time we have to call someone Grandma lasts long. And so that brief word, “grandma,” becomes a hazy signifier for the vigor of youth. The poem “Grandmas with Beautiful Foreheads, Grandmas” foregrounds grandmothers envisioned constantly unknotting traditional cloth bundles of stories, “blanketing the moors with lulla-lullabies.” But this poem’s “grandmas” don’t exist just in the speaker’s memories. When she asks the grandmothers, “would you please squeeze me in,” there among the “crookbacked little grannies hiding me,” she becomes one of the beautiful grandmas herself. Together with the grandmothers, the speaker once again offers a case where “two become one.” 

 

Imagining an actual “us” set within this warm landscape may provide comfort far greater than that which comes from imagining the human perched “on the edge of the natural”—that is, as part of the natural. Shin’s poems tell us that we human beings, left with no choice but to suffer loss, must not desist from imagining warmly, with a “secondsplitting” heart, each instant, passionately, ceaselessly. The more we read and reread Natural History from the Edge of the Natural, the more clearly that voice rings out. 

 

 

KOREAN WORKS MENTIONED: 

Shin Hae-uk, Precise Arrangement (Minumsa, 2005)신해욱, 『간결한 배치』 (민음사, 2005) 

Shin Hae-uk, Biologicity (tr. Spencer Lee-Lenfield, Black Ocean, 2024)신해욱, 『생물성』 (문학과지성사, 2009) 

Shin Hae-uk, syzygy (Moonji, 2014)신해욱, 『syzygy』 (문학과지성사, 2014) 

Shin Hae-uk, Caecilians (Moonji, 2019) 신해욱, 『무족영원』 (문학과지성사, 2019) 

Shin Hae-uk, Natural History from the Edge of the Natural(Spring Day Books, 2024)신해욱, 『자연의 가장자리와 자연사』 (봄날의책, 2024)

Writer 필자 소개

Cho Yeonjung

Cho Yeonjung

Cho Yeonjung is a critic, editorial group member for Moonji, and lecturer in SNU College, Seoul National University. Her books include The Time of Touch, a collection of critical essays, and the scholarly monographs Women’s Poetry, 1980–1990 and Time Locked and Loaded.

Translator 번역가 소개

Spencer Lee-Lenfield

Spencer Lee-Lenfield

Spencer Lee-Lenfield translates from Korean and hanmun. His translation of Shin Hae-uk’s Biologicity was nominated for the Lucien Stryk Prize in 2025. He is an Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature at Harvard, where he teaches Translation Studies and researches Korean-English translation history.

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