Boundless Like the Stars scrap
by
Kim Mella
Translated by
Sean Lin Halbert
September 4, 2026
I was the kind of child who put on plays by herself. The stage was usually in the back of the shop where my parents worked, and the actors were the small plastic dolls I collected. The plays always featured a troublemaker who sets off on an adventure in an unknown world, who never lets any adult stop her with a “Don’t go. It’s dangerous!” As all stories go, the troublemaker would encounter danger, falling into booby traps or having run-ins with giant monsters. Each time, she would quell the monster with a stunning kick. And once the monster had surrendered, the troublemaker would show mercy and stop her attack. After an apology from the monster, the two would become friends, and the troublemaker, climbing onto the monster's shoulders, would set off on a new adventure in yet more distant lands.
Writing fiction, too, is a play I put on by myself. I know some people might find this simplistic. But losing myself in a childhood game and losing myself in the act of writing really aren’t all that different. The little dolls that I moved with my hands, the troublemaker whose dreams about the unknown lead her to hardship-these are the same characters that make me keep writing fiction.
In one of my short stories, a child named Christmas has the ability to see a light that no one else can see. I call it “belly button light,” because it is emitted from a person’s navel. In the story, all humans give off this light, like giant fireflies. And just as fireflies flash their light late at night in search of a mate, the belly button light reaches out toward loved ones, carrying with it the emotions of its emitter. I thought the light should be emitted from the belly button because all humans are connected to their mothers through their navels before birth. The belly button light, thus, is evidence of that love and the desire for human connection. But Christmas cannot get others to understand the light she sees. In time, she seeks out others like her: the anglerfish with its bioluminescent lure in the deep sea, the bees and butterflies that can see ultraviolet patterns on flower petals, and even the dung beetle that navigates by the light of the Milky Way galaxy. It is with these unusual fellows that Christmas finds belonging. This is no different from how a loner troublemaker makes friends with a loner monster. Was the troublemaker setting off on an adventure in order to find a friend? Are sorrow and solitude the inner forces that propel us to discover other worlds?
People who feel pain and alienation from the words they hear and read look for another language and sound. They need to create new “words” to express themselves fully. And this language does not necessarily have to be uttered in a human voice. Suppose there is a couple who, for some reason, only treat each other as lovers inside the privacy of their home. Socially, they are just friends or housemates. Besides them, no one knows of their true relationship. That's because, in a society that is staunchly heterosexual, they cannot be anything but friends. But what if we look at the situation from the perspective of nonhumans? What if the couple's story were narrated by dogs, cats, or houseplants?
I once wrote a story about a dildo that observes a lesbian couple. The object is critical of the two women, who don’t treat it with care. Although its gaze is distorted and full of resentment, the narrating dildo nevertheless has a close-up view of the couple. It knows about their secret relationship and their hidden story. I don’t need to explain that a dildo is made for very human purposes and looks like a human body part. Yet it spends most of its time hidden in a drawer. In other words, the dildo is a great representation of the contradictions and duality of being human. Just think about it for a second: a situation in which an object that I hide in my drawer, an object that is the opposite of the image I present to society, observes and judges me 24/7. What if the object's analysis of myself were to become the final record of my existence? From what point of view should we tell our story? And from what vantage point should we analyze and interpret this world?

In my other work, The Book of Joy, I wrote about a springtail, a mosquito, and a spider, who all watch humans. These insects are commonly classified as pests. But whenever I meet readers, I explain in an excited voice how awesome it is that springtails can jump using their furcula, the tail-like appendage from which they receive their name. A famous biologist once quipped that it only takes a beetle for us to realize that God has an inordinate fondness for stars and insects. Indeed, the number of beetle species feels as vast as the stars in the night sky. It’s no wonder that some people stare at the tiny lifeforms beneath their feet with the same awe and wonder felt by people who gaze up at the stars. Mystery and miracles do not require distant lands or faraway galaxies; they take place in the very grass that brushes against our ankles.
I have been curious about what lived on this planet before humans. Insects were the first animals to evolve the ability to fly, and they made the journey onto land even before plants. Human civilization is roughly ten thousand years old, but the wings of the mayfly have been around for 330 million years. While reading books about bugs, I learned that the cicada pupa stays underground for seventeen years, counting the seasons by listening to the sound of tree roots. I also learned that some butterflies and grasshoppers journey across entire oceans. That’s not to say I don’t swat at mosquitoes in the summer or mindlessly tear spider webs off the wall. But when I’m at my loneliest and most exhausted, when there is no one around who understands me, it is those small bodies that comfort me.
One day, I was cleaning my room when I saw a spider crawl across the floor. It suddenly occurred to me that I was being watched by all the bugs in my house. They were watching me, just as I was watching them. While reading books about nature and insects, I imagined what they must see, what they might say if they could talk. Little by little, the troublemaker of my youth reawakened. The rhythm of the springtail jumping past its limits, the plight of the female mosquito who must drink the blood of other animals in order to lay her eggs, the spider who, like me, endlessly weaves a “text”-they all breathed new life into me. I felt refreshed by the richness of their diversity. Looking at things from the perspective of bugs, the hardships I was dealing with suddenly looked so trivial.
The insect narrators in my head have unconventional values. As observers and recorders, they report the situation on Earth to the insects living on other planets. They declare, among other things, that the human species is a regrettable evolutionary error caused by the instinct to reproduce. Their perspective, which is heavily insect-centric, gave me a sense of liberation. A lot of the things that are called abnormal when measured by human standards are actually unique and full of individuality from a nonhuman perspective. If, for example, you look at things through the eyes of a caterpillar, whose body changes color according to the leaves it eats, the fact that humans discriminate against each other based on the color of their skin suddenly seems so immature.
Through the eyes of insects, I came to understand humans better. I realized that the lifecycle of an insect is like the biological rhythm of my partner. I can’t detail my life with my partner in this short essay. I will just say that, just as insects sleep for long periods of time when the weather is too hot or cold, my partner's sleeping pattern also changes with the seasons. In the eyes of humans, my partner's lifestyle would need to be corrected, but in the eyes of insects, it's a clever mechanism to maintain harmony with the rhythms of nature.
People in modern society work the same amount of time every day. This has nothing to do with our bodies’ biological rhythm. Only human lives are run on an unnatural schedule determined by the standards of industrialization and capitalism. Every plant and animal lives according to the movement of the Earth around the sun. The sea ebbs and flows according to the gravitational pull of the moon, and sea life migrates thousands of miles in response. Our knowledge of these processes is limited. We don’t know exactly how mullet or eels return to the river where they were born to lay eggs. We don’t know how the Pacific swift can sleep while flying, or how the warbler senses the Earth’s magnetic field as it makes cross-continental journeys-we don’t even know what it would be like to sense magnetism. We don’t know how a leaf produces nutrients with sunlight. We know that it happens through a process we call photosynthesis, but we don’t have a full explanation of the quantum interactions between photons and plant cells. And yet, despite our ignorance, billions and billions of leaves across the surface of the Earth achieve this miracle every day without fail.
I don’t want to imply that nonhuman organisms are superior. Nor do I wish to repeat the logic of power that divides things into superior and inferior things, into dominator and dominated. I just want us to think for a second about how anthropocentric thinking limits us to a terribly narrow framework from which to understand the world, about how humanity itself suffers as a consequence.
Around the time I wrote The Book of Joy, I was so lonely that I found comfort in insects. I was so isolated that I couldn’t even sympathize with the pain of the person I loved. It was only after I saw flashes of the world through the eyes of insects that I realized my own arrogance and narrow-mindedness. The springtail, which is as small as a speck of dust, taught me to take pleasure in the joys of daily life. The female mosquito, which suffers from a fate far worse than my own, showed me what it really means to be exhausted. And the spider, who is constantly weaving its web, never quite sure when it will be destroyed again, taught me the patience never to give up on life. With their small and fragile bodies, they taught me the vastness of acceptance. While the rules and notions of human society failed to explain my love and my pain, the nonhuman voice allowed me to accept reality and simultaneously opened up a whole other reality for me.
While writing these novels, I often thought about Jules Renard, author of Nature Stories, who later came to feel ashamed of the jokes he'd made at the expense of plants and animals. I think about what he must have felt as he looked back in regret on his disdainful writing. That is the image of the kind of human being that I love, someone who reflects seriously on the damage caused even by acts carried out in curiosity and affection, who takes time to pray in remembrance of the dignity of the frogs and grasshoppers once laughed at. Jokes and metaphors find completion when they arrive at regret and reflection.
Imagining the nonhuman perspective involves more than just personification. In the beginning, I suspected that I was analyzing plants and animals and objects by projecting a human perspective onto them. I even worried that my comparisons might be merely rhetorical devices for writing. But then I realized I wasn't describing the movements of worms and butterflies just to spice up my language. I wanted to marvel. That's why I was connecting with them. Just as worms move forward by devouring the soil and butterflies taste flowers through their legs, I use the body of language to sense the world. Like all corporeal beings, I am connected to the world through something both limited and unique.
What I wanted to fill my novels with was “flow.” The rhythm of the circle of life, of birds that eat snails whose shells become the calcium in eggshells that crack and fall to the ground, where they break down into soil from which plants grow, which feed the snails that grow the shells that birds will swallow again. I wanted to cross boundaries, the way these animals cross boundaries. To flow, with the help of the currents of language, across the boundary between people and fireflies, between people and things, between life and death. After all, that is the way that every other being, aside from humans, seems to be living its life. The scientific knowledge that all life forms are made from the dust of exploded stars is no different from the religious conviction that all things are connected. The spirit of inquiry that reaches for the stars and the quietude that allows me to look deep inside myself pointed me to the same path. Indeed, the realization that all roads eventually merge as one gave me deep relief and great joy.
Once, humans could hear the trees. They laughed looking at the faces clouds made and sang to the rhythm of raindrops. My three-year-old nephew thinks everything is human. He imbues everything with human voices. When he brushes his teeth, the cavities in his mouth yell: “Run away, run away! The toothbrush is here!” When he eats, he hears a voice inside his body. It rumbles: “What did the broccoli inside me just say? Where is it passing?” The voices he imagines are learned from the stories adults tell him. Stories invented to get him to brush his teeth, to get him to finish his vegetables. But the human imagination often strays from these well-paved paths.
One day, while running to the bathroom, he might wonder what his pee could say if it could talk. “I’m coming out to soak your pants!” In this way, a child puts on a play to express his own desire to wet his pants. In this game, even urine is a full-fledged, conscious being. But he anthropomorphizes more than just trivial things that belong in the toilet.
One day, he prayed to God for good dreams. Then suddenly, a doubt came to him: “But wasn’t Jesus weak?” The God he knew was always emaciated and had a tired expression, so he was not sure such a weak person could grant his wish. In other words, God was just another human to him. To children, nothing in the world is lesser or greater than a human. Everything laughs like them, feels pain like them.
KOREAN WORKS MENTIONED:
Kim Mella , The Book of Joy (Hyundae Munhak, 2024)
김멜라, 『환희의 책』 (현대문학, 2024)
Kim Mella, “Teary Eyes and the Invincible Bellybutton,” in OO (Moonji, 2026)
김멜라, 「젖은 눈과 무적의 배꼽」, 『이응 이응』 (문학과지성사, 2026)
Kim Mella,”Sunset,” Please Dream of Me (Munhakdongne, 2022)
김멜라, 「저녁놀」, 『제 꿈 꾸세요』 (문학동네, 2022)
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