Lingering Long and Delving Deep into the Unseeable scrap
by
Yeom Seung-suk
Translated by
Paige Aniyah Morris
September 7, 2026
Across the many novels and stories you have published, from your debut collection Falling in Paul to your most recent Everything About Spring Nights, it seems you have always spoken about love. Readers have been captivated by the fluency with which you narrate the expansiveness of our relationships with others while depicting inner pain through images of light. In your author’s note for Summer Villa, you wrote that “there is nothing else we can rely on but understanding and love.” Is love still the most important life value in your work, or have you perhaps discovered a more important value in the meantime?
I never consciously thought of myself as writing about love all this time, but now that you mention it, I suppose I was. After all, we can’t help but call it “love” when humans, who can only ever see the world from their own perspectives, make an effort to understand others despite that limitation. As I write, I often find myself growing attached to the stories of those who are striving in that way—people who somehow find the strength time and again to reach out to someone or stay true to their own desires, pushing forward in life even when they believe their efforts may be in vain. If those efforts can also be called “love,” then I don’t think I’ve found a value more important to me.
Your early works primarily explored inner solitude and subtle rifts in relationships. The repeated use of the word “falling” is indicative of this. What stood out even more was a chilling sense of the impossibility of communication. In your recent work, however, your gaze seems to have shifted from “me” toward “us.” This is especially true of the stories in Everything About Spring Nights, including “Radiant Days,” which depicts an elderly woman’s inner turmoil, and “When the Light Reaches,” which delicately sheds light on the various forms of life within a community—the subtle emotions between women, questions of gender identity, and the issue of care. It’s been quite a long time since your literary debut in 2011. Could you comment on the conscious shift you made toward the possibility of solidarity with others and communal ideals?
Looking back, when I first started writing, I think I was more interested in expressing the imperfections of language itself. Even before I became a writer, I was extremely sensitive to the fissures on the underside of seemingly smooth conversations, and I wanted to explore them through fiction. But over time, my focus gradually shifted toward those very brief moments where communication occurs, even amid imperfection. I consider myself a fundamentally pessimistic yet ordinary person, and I still feel daunted when faced with phrases like “the possibility of solidarity with others” and “communal ideals,” as if I’m standing in blinding sunlight. But the more time I spend as a writer, the more I believe in the value of these things, and I think I write fiction from within that belief.
I fully relate to that feeling of being daunted, like being blinded by sunlight. I also noticed a shift in your writing style. We associate the name Sou Linne Baik with neat, beautiful sentences. But if your early writing was defined by a keen expression of the fissures of everyday life and clear, sharp writing, the sentences in your more recent work seem to showcase a deepening of your signature tenderness and warmth. I imagine this stems from an inclusive attitude that seeks to embrace pain rather than merely observe it. Could you tell us about your process of writing and refining your sentences?
As I mentioned earlier, because I was always acutely aware of the imperfections of language from early on, writing came paired with a constant sense of discomfort. As a writer, language is all I have—a tool that I must use to express myself even though I don’t really trust it. At some point, though, I came to accept that discomfort as a condition of the work and wrote anyway. Since language has so many limitations and the words I write can never reach others exactly as I intended, I began to think that I had no choice but to convey certain sensations by creating them through language, much like a painting or a piece of music. As a result, lending rhythm and breath to my sentences became more important to me, and my sentences have grown longer than they were in the beginning.
So there was an internal shift—a realization that you had no choice but to create and convey sensations using language. Since we can’t give up on language even though we know nothing can be fully conveyed through it, perhaps writing fiction is an attempt to keep approaching that impossibility. When I consider how the distinct rhythm and breath in your sentences were created in an effort to convey deeper sensations while embracing language’s limitations, I feel a sense of endearment and a desire to reread your work more carefully and cherish it that much more. What exactly does it mean to give rhythm or breath to a sentence? You seem to be pointing to a quality of liveliness beyond mere precision or polish, so I’d love to hear more about what holds your attention longest when you’re crafting your sentences.
I’m so happy and grateful that you feel the desire to reread my work and look at it more closely. I once did a book talk with a writer whose style was the complete opposite of mine, and something they said left a strong impression on me. They believed the most important element of a story was the narrative, and that each sentence owed strict service to that narrative—which was why they strove to write precise sentences and avoided embellishment. I think about precision a little differently, though. I tend to believe that even if I stripped each sentence down to a subject and a verb, I still wouldn’t be able to express one hundred percent of what I really wanted to say. Because of that, when I’m revising, I go over my work repeatedly, focusing not only on whether the sentences sufficiently convey the narrative but also on whether the rhythm, the breath, and the modifiers are used appropriately to shape emotions and imagery. If I decide that it’s necessary to create a melody or rhythm even at the risk of compromising readability, I may deliberately string more and more words together to form long, complex sentences, and sometimes I’ll even replace a three-syllable modifier with a two-syllable one of similar meaning.
In your novella To Love and Be Loved, the grandmother appears to the protagonist as a figure who fills the void left by her mother. Through this narrative of three generations of women—“Grandma,” “Mom,” and “me”—this work speaks to another kind of possibility for women, an unknowable, infinite possibility of “woman” that can be retold and rewritten, not as a story of contradiction and negation but as a history that can be shared and understood. I personally feel that this novella serves as a stepping stone that must be crossed on the way to your full-length novel Brilliant Regards.
I think so, too. In many ways, I feel like To Love and Be Loved has come to mark an inflection point in my writing.
In your earlier works, the characters tended to linger before feelings of loss, lack, and incomprehension. In this novella, though, we can see the beginnings of a cautious desire, despite the incomprehension, to try reading others again. Perhaps that’s why it reads at times like an emotional or narrative passageway into the broader, deeper mourning and hospitality of Brilliant Regards. When you describe it as an “inflection point,” do you mean a specific moment of change? Could it be connected to a shift in the very way you see the world and others?
Yes. When I was writing those earlier stories, I tended to portray characters who withdrew inward rather than turning their gaze outward—characters who tried to peer deeper into themselves. After all, my main focus has been on magnifying and depicting certain moments of dissonance, and that was meaningful to me in its own way. But in doing so, I think my characters often came across as somewhat static or passive. While I was preparing to write To Love and Be Loved, I became acutely aware for the first time that most of the characters in my stories are women. I thought a lot about how, even though I had put forward these narrators and characters to explore universal themes of communication and language, they might all be read differently with this “woman” modifier attached to them. So I wanted to try portraying different kinds of women—characters who didn’t simply stand by and watch moments of failure unfold but who, after witnessing those moments, attempted to do something. Those are the kinds of characters who began to appear in my work.
Your short story “Brown Sugar Candy” also features a significant grandmother figure. The story is structured so that we see the narrator—an adult who had witnessed her grandmother Nansil acting as a caregiver during her own childhood—reconstruct the last years of her grandmother’s life using diaries kept while the family was living in France. The narrator’s portrayal of her grandmother is fascinating, and the fact that this is a story of a presumed past that no one can ever fully verify ironically evokes a very human tenderness. Please tell us about how this story came to you and how you finished it.
This story grew out of the themes I had explored while writing another story, “Heavy Snow,” which also appears in Summer Villa, and To Love and Be Loved. Around that time, I was deeply interested in how mothers are depicted in narratives, and I often found myself wanting to create “Mom” and “Grandma” characters who didn’t sacrifice as other mothers did—or, more precisely, who were perceived as not having sacrificed as much as was expected of them. By the standards of Korean society, Nansil in “Brown Sugar Candy” might be considered an atypical grandmother. I wanted to write about the granddaughter of a woman like that, a granddaughter who only belatedly comes to understand her grandmother’s life. I remember listening to many of the piano pieces that Nansil would have played while I was writing the story.
When the narrator demands to see what her grandmother is clutching in her hand, she says, “This is mine.” You depict the grandmother as a woman with a strong and frank sense of desire. You are obviously very far from old age. Still, is there something that might make you say right now, No, this is mine, like that grandmother? Anything you’re holding tight and can’t give to anyone else?
Oh, that’s a tough question. For me, wouldn’t that be writing fiction?
The narrative structure of “Brown Sugar Candy” weaves together multiple storylines, similarly to how Haemi secretly reads Aunt Seonja’s diary in Brilliant Regards, and both works feature women’s love stories that are heartrending and moving. I want to ask you about the unpredictable clues, secrets that must be uncovered, and scattered truths that organize your stories. Do these formal elements, so expressive of the vulnerability that lurks in every corner of our lives, connect in any way to your authorial concern about entertaining the reader?
I don’t think I’ve ever consciously thought about the entertainment factor while writing. Which is why, after Brilliant Regards was published, I was quite surprised to hear from readers that they had become so immersed in the story that they found themselves trying to guess what would happen next. The reason I structured both works around characters imagining other people’s lives through diaries was because this felt like a metaphor for how I write fiction. I’m always cautious about writing as if I know everything. We strive to understand others, but in reality, we’re often just imagining and interpreting what we’ve learned about them based on what we know about ourselves. For me, fiction is the outcome of that process, which is why my characters seem to repeat those attempts, searching for clues and making guesses over and over again.

Besides “Brown Sugar Candy,” you have written many stories set abroad. I can think of “Midday in Summer” and “Night at the Border” from The Wretched Light, “The Trajectory of Time” and “Summer Villa” from Summer Villa, and the novel Brilliant Regards. I’d like to think these settings contribute to making the worlds within your works that much more captivating. Is there anything you pay special attention to when foregrounding landscapes outside of Korea?
I don’t think there’s much that I pay more or special attention to. In the same way that specific, real-life place names are mentioned in stories set in Korea, I simply describe the settings abroad with the hope that readers who know those places well will find my renditions natural. Beyond that, I suppose I just try not to reinforce the typical images or preconceptions associated with a particular country or city.
Your vigilance about avoiding the typical images superimposed on certain places seems to manifest as a distinctive narrative texture—one that resists the mere consumption of foreign landscapes. After all, the foreign settings in your work function not merely as backdrops for the story but as sophisticated devices that create a certain sense of distance or a particular sensibility that drives us to view the characters’ emotions and relationships in a new way.
I’m glad to hear that it comes across as distinct from “mere consumption.” If I choose to set a story outside of Korea, it has to be for narrative reasons—not because I want readers to romanticize and consume exotic locales.
If you could introduce one more story alongside “Brown Sugar Candy” to international readers encountering your work for the first time, which would you choose and why?
It’s so hard to choose just one. I think I’ll go with “Radiant Days.” It’s a relatively recent work as well. While “Brown Sugar Candy” consists of a granddaughter’s imaginings as she tries to piece together her grandmother’s life, “Radiant Days” features a grandmother herself as the protagonist, so I think it might be interesting to compare the two side by side. Besides, Nansil from “Brown Sugar Candy” and Okmi from “Radiant Days” are very different grandmothers. I’d like to show readers the lives of two women who are too dissimilar to be grouped under the same umbrella of “Grandma.”
You also work as a translator, and I imagine that feels worlds apart from having your own works translated. Do you have any memorable anecdotes about how you felt when your work was translated for the first time or when you met international readers through those translations? And if any of your works are currently slated for publication in translation, I would love to hear about that.
While not many of my works have been translated yet, I remember feeling fascinated and extremely curious about how my novels were translated when I saw them made available in a language I couldn’t read. Because I am also a translator, I know that when translating literary works, there are inevitably omissions that the translator makes and elements that the translator works to retain. In the case of my own stories, I’m always curious what the translator decided to take out and what they chose to keep in.
As a side note, I remember when I asked a student who had submitted an assignment for my fiction writing class to deliver an author’s note—a bit of commentary including anything they wanted to say to their classmates before the group critique—this student immediately blurted out, “I wrote my story in the vein of Sou Linne Baik.” I didn’t understand what they meant right away and asked for clarification, and the student explained that they had written a work of literary fiction that didn’t draw on the conventions of genre fiction. The fact that your name was the first thing they mentioned must mean that they really admire your work. I remember smiling a little because I found it so adorable. I understand that you also teach creative writing at a university. Is there anything you make sure to stress to your students when they set foot in your classroom?
I’m so curious about your student’s story. The thing I stress the most to students in my own classes is to write their sentences with sincerity. Many students often seem to forget that fiction is a narrative genre conveyed through language. Other than that, I guess I tell them to leave some room in their stories for things they can’t control?
Between writing, translating, and teaching, you must have a very full schedule. Writing is no easy feat either physically or mentally. Do you have any personal methods for conserving energy and getting back on track when you feel worn out or exhausted in your daily life?
I don’t think there’s a special method. I just try to carve out as much time for myself as possible—time to simply be myself, unrelated to work. Not responding to messages immediately is also a way that I conserve my energy. I tend to check my emails and messages only when I’m in a position to respond, and while others might find it inconvenient or frustrating, to me, that feels like one of the small practices I can put in place to ensure that I remain in charge of my own life.
In a world overrun with “things to see,” what is the narrative power—the energy or driving force, if you will—that fiction can and must possess to capture readers’ attention?
I think that paying attention to the unseeable is an important role that fiction plays in this era where there is so much to see. Fiction involves lingering long and delving deep into the unseeable. This may feel tedious and slow to people who are growing accustomed to increasingly shorter forms of content, but I think that, paradoxically, this is precisely why the power of fiction remains valid today.
Finally, please tell us about your forthcoming novel, the one that will follow your collection Everything About Spring Nights.
I’m currently in the middle of writing it. I’ve been struggling for months because I can’t quite figure out the ending, so I’m not sure I’ll ever finish it. While Brilliant Regards was a story about Korean women in Germany, the novel I’m writing at the moment features many foreigners who have come to Korea. I am curious myself about how I’ll tie up the loose ends and whether it will ever be published, but I hope I can finish the manuscript and greet readers with a new book in the not-so-distant future.
KOREAN WORKS MENTIONED:
- Sou Linne Baik, Falling in Paul (Munhakdongne, 2014)
- 백수린, 『폴링 인 폴』 (문학동네, 2014)
- Sou Linne Baik, “Radiant Days” and “When the Light Reaches” in Everything About Spring Nights (Moonji, 2025)
- 백수린, 「아주 환한 날들」, 「빛이 다가올 때」, 『봄밤의 모든 것』 (문학과지성사, 2025)
- Sou Linne Baik, “Brown Sugar Candy,” “Heavy Snow,” “The Trajectory of Time,” and “Summer Villa” in Summer Villa (Munhakdongne, 2020)
- 백수린, 「흑설탕 캔디」, 「폭설」, 「시간의 궤」, 「여름의 빌라」, 『여름의 빌라』 (문학동네, 2020)
Sou Linne Baik, To Love and Be Loved (Hyundae Munhak, 2019)
백수린, 『친애하고, 친애하는』 (현대문학, 2019)
- Sou Linne Baik, Brilliant Regards (Munhakdongne, 2023)
- 백수린, 『눈부신 안부』 (문학동네, 2023)
- Sou Linne Baik, “Midday in Summer” and “Night at the Border” in The Wretched Light (Changbi, 2016)
- 백수린, 「여름의 정오」, 「국경의 밤」, 『참담한 빛』 (창비, 2016)
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