skip-navigation

한국문학번역원 로고

TOP

You will be logged out soon

Your progress has been saved up to now.
Any new changes may be lost when the session ends.
Save or submit to keep your work.

05:00

Log out now Continue session

Korean Literature Now

Back to Reviews

Weaving Together Traces to Rewrite Future Narratives scrap

by Sung Hyunahgo link Translated by Paige Aniyah Morrisgo link September 4, 2026

Weaving Together Traces to Rewrite Future Narratives 이미지

Sou Linne Baik’s stories do not converge neatly into a consistent message or a single idea. As the writer herself has stated, in her short stories she concentrates on picking up on “the traces of emotions that are difficult to capture in everyday language.”* She reveals in the “Author’s Note” to Don’t Disappear Tonight that she has consistently strived to “capture, through language, certain signs and vestiges that clearly exist.” In her novels, too, she “focuses on separating individual lives from their collective contexts, then delves into each person’s stories, aiming to vividly restore the personal histories that have been suppressed by the rhetoric of poverty, patriotism, and sacrifice.”** She portrays characters who communicate in an array of languages and travel between various countries, effortlessly spanning differences in nationality, race, and age. This is not to say that she glosses over or dismisses the subtle hierarchy or the discriminatory practices that occur among them. She does not cover up their differences by categorizing them simplistically as “fellow human beings” or connecting them with a loose sense of solidarity. Nor does Baik subscribe to the common notion that lives are predetermined by such immutable dividing lines. While we sense the countless boundaries that divide and trigger emotions in us, we perceive them through particular instances, in a sporadic and fragmentary way. So these dividing lines are also fluid and mutable. 

 

* Park Sehee, “A Brilliant Meeting of Compelling Mystery and Sensual Sentences: Sou Linne Baik’s Brilliant Regards,” Munhwa Ilbo, June 24, 2023.

**Jeong Jua, “The Struggle for an Ordinary Life,” Changbi Quarterly 51, no. 3 (2023): 421.

 

Baik’s fiction reveals that such demarcations are not only fleeting but fictional, and that the innocence of a child redrawing the lines alone can be enough to adjust them. In “Summer Villa,” Leonie refers to herself, a white-skinned German girl, and the narrator Jua, a Korean woman in her thirties visiting Siem Reap, as “we,” drawing with a pebble a square around the two of them. When a Cambodian boy who wants to play approaches, Leonie erases the line between herself and him and draws a new one behind the boy to include him in the shape. Jua sends a letter to her German acquaintance Verena, hoping that the power of that moment—when Leonie breaks into a bright smile—will outweigh all the exhausting times spent in conflict over differences in age, race, ethnicity, and class, as well as the history of colonial rule and discrimination that made such conflict inevitable. Thus, the story shows that a single shining moment can create the hope needed to overcome the sense of alienation or helplessness that one might feel in the face of innumerable barriers.

 

This story can be read as an attempt to break away from the remnants of a tragic Korean history in which dictatorial power relied on the exclusive solidarity of “us,” as distinguished from “the enemy,” as the basis of governance. Korean politics has long stressed nationalist and anti-communist ideologies while upholding national unity as a value to be prioritized above all else. While externally imposed identities such as nationality, gender, class, and race are used to define people, Baik’s work reminds us that we are ultimately defined by the ineffable emotions and personal experiences we have encountered moment by moment throughout our lives, as well as the unique sensory mode by which the body, the seat of all these experiences, perceives the world. The process of lending a narrative to these fragmentary moments and accepting and affirming the meanings drawn from them is what distinguishes the act of “living” from mere survival or “living through.” The genre of fiction is all about interpreting and joining together the fragments of our lives to make them feel like a rich, cohesive story. What sets Baik’s stories apart is that they always delve into the past of—or the past shared with—the other, shifting the tense to create narratives that allow us to move toward the future “together.” This can be seen in several passages from “Us on a Spring Night,” where Yuta describes all the time he spent with his grandmother using present-tense verbs, his love for her persisting even in her absence.

 

“Brown Sugar Candy” is perhaps the work that best exemplifies these hallmarks of Baik’s writing. This story deals with issues such as care work, racial discrimination, language barriers, and physical decline due to aging. Whenever you try to interpret it according to any one of these issues, however, it always slips through your hands. The story combs through the nameless sensations and emotions that make up our blind spots, that are difficult to bring to light even with a sophisticated and intricate perceptual framework. In “Brown Sugar Candy,” the narrator reminisces about her beloved grandmother Nansil. However, she does not merely stop at recollecting her grandmother “having been there.” Rather, she edits the traces of her grandmother to create an imagined context in such a way that, in the narrative currently being told, her grandmother gets to unfold her own life and create her own “being.” The story attempts a narrative regeneration that does not simply retrace the past but imagines and processes past incidents in the present, allowing the object of longing to come alive and breathe within the newly constructed stories. We may never fully understand another. All we can do is imagine the many strands of others’ feelings. However, when we follow the different paths of their emotions, we find ourselves, in certain fleeting moments, striving to reach out to others. This resonates with the author’s conviction that although communication through language, an imperfect medium, cannot be trusted, people narrow the distance between themselves and open up the possibility of solidarity by filling in “the gaps between words and sentences in their own ways, even if it is in a complete misinterpretation” (“To a Beloved Outsider”).

 

The narrator of “Brown Sugar Candy” belatedly learns that her grandmother was romantically involved with a man named M. Brunier. As she weighs the hardships her grandmother must have faced after leaving for France and studies her grand­mother’s emotions through her diaries, the narrator immerses herself in the life of this woman who transcended language and exchanged affection with M. Brunier. At some point, she essentially becomes her grandmother. When Grandma spots M. Brunier from behind, the narrator states, “Seems like every old person with time to spare ends up in the same places, she thought.” This passage suggests that the narrator and her grandmother have become completely superimposed. The narrator—who had once dismissed M. Brunier’s stories as useless chatter before “returning to [her] own little world” and could not comprehend her grandmother’s desire to know what M. Brunier said to her, a proficient French speaker unlike her grandmother—can now access her grandmother’s world within the stories she creates anew after her grandmother’s death. As the narrator devotes herself fully to pursuing and feeling her grandmother’s intimate emotions and the delicate sensations she faced, she lives out this woman’s life as if it were her own—the life of a woman who cannot be fully explained by labels such as an educated woman, a caregiver for her grandchildren, an elderly woman whose body is atrophying, and so on.

 

The narrator’s grandmother once told her an adapted version of the tale of Little Red Riding Hood. When the narrator became frightened after hearing the story of a girl devoured by a tiger despite giving him everything he demanded, Grandma changed the ending, explaining that the young girl uses a small shard of obsidian hidden in her fist to cut open the tiger’s belly and escape. In this context, the obsidian shard is connected to the brown sugar candy, the brown sugar cubes, and the mysterious object that Grandma was clutching in her own fist in the narra­tor’s dream. In the scene in which Grandma feels “a yearning for life and an anticipation for the future” welling up again as she watches M. Brunier utterly engrossed in building a sugar cube tower, we come to understand the meaning of this small, solid piece of something that appears repeatedly in various forms. The “pure sweetness” that spreads when one of the sugar cubes that has been spilled onto the table is placed in the mouth evokes the brown sugar candy that an elegant customer handed to a young Nansil as she cried outside her parents’ dressmaking shop. The fear of death and anxiety about aging, the sense of loss from having lost everything and the loneliness stemming from the belief that none of us can understand one another—they all melt away in the face of the overwhelming sweetness of those “moments of happiness that suddenly fell from the sky like shooting stars in midsummer.” As such, the piece of something that the narrator’s grandmother refused to show anyone, insisting, “This is mine,” even as her granddaughter pestered her to reveal what she was holding in her hand, is the most splendidly shining moment in life that others can never fully understand. It is also the crystallization of an unconditional hope that compels one to praise the very act of being alive for a single moment.

 

Nonetheless, it is impossible to be entirely optimistic about this. This is because that piece, that fragment, is something that Grandma has guarded throughout her experiences of being denounced as a woman who “sure did whatever she wanted in life” simply because she enrolled in college. She had been repeatedly criticized and ultimately thwarted whenever she harbored independent aspirations. We should note the fact that this steadfastness in protecting what is hers, a sweet yet solid bit of self-regard, is passed down to her granddaughter rather than her grandson. Her struggle to protect what was hers in a discriminatory society that deprived women of their fair share had a different kind of resonance for her granddaughter. This also ties in with Aunt Seonja in Brilliant Regards, who writes that regret, pride, failure, and frustration are “entirely [hers],” after having lost her beloved K.H. (Cheon Keun Ho) in a heterocentric society that pressures women into forming normative families. Women who have not lost their individuality are wise and benevolent, and what they have held onto and protected all this time is brilliant. However, we must not forget that this, too, is merely the share that remains for them after so much else has already been taken away.

 

Considering this context, it becomes clear that the work of meticulously examining the textures of sensations and emotions, rather than approaching the subject through discourses that are easily refined with language, is all the more necessary when it comes to women’s narratives. The fact that language is constructed primarily around universal experiences implies that language conforms more readily to the lifestyles of those mainstream groups considered “universal.” It is difficult for meaning to be properly assigned to women’s lives using existing language, which has inevitably evolved to recreate a society centered around men. In turn, the feminine subjectivity gained through the use of this language is far too limited. Baik’s fiction gathers sensations and emotions to transcend the narrow confines of this language.

 

 

What had she longed for? Something special, something edifying, something that would transport her to another world . . . She had no doubt that the life that lay ahead of her would be one full of surprises, and she believed she had an obligation to make hers into an extraordinary narrative. 

 

 

The narrator writes expansively here, breathing a special narrativity into Nansil’s life. We might interpret this passage as expressing the narrator’s selfish longing for a higher class status or her attempt to uplift herself by elevating her grandmother’s life. However, it would be far too shallow to judge it this way. There are beautiful moments that the narrator wishes to resurrect for her beloved grandmother—shining fragments that completely disarm human beings of their fundamental solitude, sensations as sharply bright and emotions as firmly resplendent as the obsidian that cuts through the external categories that confine us and allows us to return to life from death’s borders. What the story revives, then, is not a belated retrospective or a proper assessment of the kind of woman Park Nansil was, but rather the sensations that are minor yet irreducible to anything else: the sound of the piano she heard in the music room during her high school years; “the feel of the white jeogori on her bare skin” on her wedding day, the result of not being able to defy her parents’ wishes; and “the smell of grilled fish [wafting] toward her from some restaurant or other” when she fled to the movie theater to escape the suffocat­ing burden of childcare and housework. Here, this expansive writing and rewriting becomes not merely a process of deep mourning but an act of writing fiction as a form of regeneration—an effort to bring a human being back to life. Thanks to Sou Linne Baik’s rekindling of the traces of those who have passed, we who still linger together in this moment can write a more brilliant future.

 

 

KOREAN WORKS MENTIONED: 

Sou Linne Baik, “Author’s Note” in Don’t Disappear Tonight (Maumsanchaek, 2019)

백수린, 「작가의 말」, 『오늘 밤은 사라지지 말아요』 (마음산책, 2019) 


Sou Linne Baik, “Summer Villa” and “Brown Sugar Candy” in Summer Villa (Munhakdongne, 2020) 

백수린, 「여름의 빌라」, 「흑설탕 캔디」, 『여름의 빌라』 (문학동네, 2020) 


Sou Linne Baik, “Us on a Spring Night” in Everything About Spring Nights (Moonji, 2025)
백수린, 「봄밤의 우리」, 『봄밤의 모든 것』 (문학과지성사, 2025) 


Sou Linne Baik, Brilliant Regards (Munhakdongne, 2023)
백수린, 『눈부신 안부』 (문학동네, 2023) 


Sou Linne Baik and Lee Siseong, “To a Beloved Outsider,” Literary Criticism Today 113 (2019)
백수린·이시성, 「친애하는 이방인에게」, 『오늘의 문예비평』 113호 (오문비, 2019)

Writer 필자 소개

Sung Hyunah

Sung Hyunah

Sung Hyunah is a literary critic and visiting professor of creative writing at Dankook University. She launched her career in 2021 by winning prizes in the criticism category of both the Kyunghyang Daily News New Writer’s Contest and the Chosun Ilbo New Writer’s Contest. She has contributed to the books The Poem That Has Yet to Come, Reading Han Kang, and A Witch’s Reading, a Madwoman’s Dance.

Translator 번역가 소개

Paige Aniyah Morris

Paige Aniyah Morris

Paige Aniyah Morris is a writer and translator from Jersey City, New Jersey, who now lives in Seoul, where she teaches creative writing and literary translation at LTI Korea Translation Academy. She has translated works by writers such as Pak Kyongni and Han Kang.

Did you enjoy this article? 별점

Did you enjoy this article? Please rate your experience

Send

Featured Books 작품